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Read. Understand. Apply.
The Warn Room blogs apply 70 years of research to the practice of alerts and warnings. We show how evidence-based changes to message content, style, and structure can create more effective warnings.
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Bridge Closed - Find Alternate Route
We routinely see messages for roads that are closed using WEA. This is primarily within the states of Texas and Georgia and they are...

Jeannette Sutton
Dec 20, 2023


Punctuation and Abbreviation - suggestions to improve readability
WEA 2.0 made it possible to devlier messages with 360 characters, yet we frequently find that message writers don't make use of all that...

Jeannette Sutton
Dec 18, 2023


What is the hazard and why should I follow your advice?
Before posting this WEA to the Warning Gallery, the editors tried to revise the message, but were stumped. Without significant effort to...

Jeannette Sutton
Dec 15, 2023


The Problem with ALL CAPS MESSAGES
Messages delivered in ALL CAPS have a problem. Writing in ALL CAPS may seem like a reasonable strategy to get people's attention...

Jeannette Sutton
Dec 13, 2023


WEA is one of many ways to alert. What's your backup plan?
2023 has included a number if significant chemical releases associated with train derailments. While the East Palenstine, OH event...

Jeannette Sutton
Dec 11, 2023


Kasey Alert, Ashanti Alert, Ebony Alert: making missing persons alerts meaningful
When we look across the country today, we find there are a LOT of named alerts for missing persons. Each one represents a different...

Jeannette Sutton
Dec 8, 2023


Law enforcement notifications and message consistency.
When WEA was first initiated, messages addressed imminent and actionable threats, requiring public response to increase the safety of a...

Jeannette Sutton
Dec 6, 2023


Burn Bans and the importance of a complete message
Burn bans are issued when there is an increased risk of wildfire. In an analysis of all wildfire WEAs sent from January 2020- April...

Jeannette Sutton
Dec 4, 2023


A Well-Written Cancellation Message for a Boil Water Advisory.
The National Weather Service has done quite a bit of research on the use of the terms "watch", "warning", and "advisory", demonstrating...

Jeannette Sutton
Dec 1, 2023


Is it important to SHOUT and yell !!!!! in a Warning Message?
Wireless Emergency Alerts are designed to notify people of dangerous and imminent threats that require quick or immediate action. The...

Jeannette Sutton
Nov 29, 2023


A highly localized message with limited value.
If you read The Warn Room regularly, you know that a foundational aspect of good warnings is that they deliver complete information to...

Jeannette Sutton
Nov 27, 2023


A 5-Star Alert for a Missing Person
This missing person alert is a great example of how to write an actionable message with enough content that a receiver may be able to act...

Jeannette Sutton
Nov 25, 2023


Source, Hazard Description, Location, and Time: the importance of a complete message
Actionable alert and warning messages should contain 5 elements: the source, hazard (plus description), location, actionable guidance,...

Jeannette Sutton
Nov 22, 2023


Abbreviations and incomplete messages are difficult to understand and act on
An important characteristic of an effective message is it's completeness while being concise. The goal is to deliver enough content that...

Jeannette Sutton
Nov 21, 2023


Update the order and visual design to improve message readability.
Message design is more than just the inclusion of contents, it also includes the ordering and the use of visual effects to capture...

Jeannette Sutton
Nov 17, 2023


Practice with your alerting software, please.
While you cannot tell it by reading these short WEAs that were issued within about 25 minutes of each other, These messages had the...

Jeannette Sutton
Nov 15, 2023


Does sending a WEA reduce call volume?
Every once in a while, The Warn Room will see a WEA that appears to have been issued with the intent of reducing traffic to a local 911...

Jeannette Sutton
Nov 13, 2023


Message Content Order Can Affect Readability and Action
Wireless Emergency Alerts are typically sent during periods of imminent threat, where emotions are heightened and information seeking...

Jeannette Sutton
Nov 9, 2023


The Importance of Training and Exercises
About once a week we find a message on warn.pbs.org that is clearly incomplete in both the 90 and 360 character WEA fields. But if you...

Jeannette Sutton
Nov 7, 2023


Strategies to Provide Additional Information in a WEA
This is a great WEA for illustrating the strategies to include additional information. Sometimes, the content that you need or want to...

Jeannette Sutton
Nov 5, 2023
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